At present, China's machinery parts industry has the following main problems:
First, repeated construction serious, low degree of specialization, form a scale, poor economic returns
Basic mechanical pieces compared with the host enterprises to establish the initial capital and technology inputs required relatively few countries in economic development period, have increased the number of basic parts production enterprises, but also the emergence of a large number of low level repeated construction, multi point, small batch, not form economies of scale. Although the basic components enterprises gradually independent of the host plant, but most enterprises themselves are large and small, whole, low degree of specialization, equipment level is not high, the quality of instability, low economic benefits. Such as China's bearing industry three large backbone enterprises bearing an annual output of less than a well-known foreign companies of 50. The past two years, China has built nearly a hundred hydraulic parts factory, but the annual output of 300 thousand or more only a few, the main product is supporting agricultural machinery. Company's annual output of Germany Rexroth hydraulic products 1 million 300 thousand, Japan Yuken has annual output of more than 600 thousand. Industrial developed countries die enterprises per capita output value of about 150 thousand ~ $200 thousand, China's only 40 thousand ~ 50 thousand yuan. In recent years, with the implementation of the common development policy of multi ownership, the basic component industry is experiencing intensive development process from scattered to concentrated gradually.
Two is weak scientific research and development, insufficient capital investment, slow technological progress
Various parts of the foundation in the late 1970s and early 80s introduced a number of foreign advanced technology, but the lack of adequate digestion and absorption of hardware and software investment. According to foreign experience, the proportion of funds needed to introduce technology and digestion and absorption is about 1:7, while China is familiar with later, digestion and absorption slower pace. Market competition is actually technical strength contest. Foreign attaches great importance to this, have increased investment, occupy the commanding heights of technology. Major well-known companies for scientific research and development funds account for 4 ~ 5 of its sales, the key areas of up to 10. Although China has engaged in research work in some colleges and universities, a lot of theoretical research, scientific research, patents, papers have a very high level, but combined with the actual production is not tight, especially into commodities slow.
Three is the raw materials and related technology behind, low level of technology and equipment, restricting the development of basic components
The use of fasteners, chains, springs, bearings, mold steel and other products of poor quality, specifications less direct impact on the quality of basic items, and the hydraulic pressure casting and related electronic control technology and product quality of hydraulic parts backward, but also directly affect the quality and reliability of hydraulic components. Mechanical basic components are generally batch, mass production, there are many varieties, processing precision demanding products, so the production process and equipment requirements, investment. Foreign use more efficient high-precision aircraft, production lines or flexible lines, to achieve efficient automated production. However, some of the basic parts of our enterprises by financial constraints, investment is not large, poor corporate self improvement, advanced equipment and less supporting, affecting the quality of products on the grade.